What is vaginal yeast infection?

Vaginal yeast infection also known as Vaginal Candidiasis or Vaginal thrush is a common infection caused by a fungus called Candida and 3 out of 4 women will most likely have it at least twice in their lifetime. Candida normally lives on the skin as well as moist body parts such as the mouth, throat, gut, and vagina, this yeast thrives well in these areas of the body and does not seem to cause any problems. A healthy vagina will normally contain some yeast cells (such as Candida) as well as some bacteria to help keep each other in balance, that way there’s no overgrowth of yeast. An infection is caused by Candida in the case of an overgrowth in the vagina.

What are the causes candida to overgrow in the vagina?

Certain conditions can cause or encourage the increase of Candida in the body such as;

1. The use of antibiotics: antibiotics are drugs used to fight bacteria and should only be used only when prescribed by a Doctor (though it’s an over-the-counter drug in some countries and can be purchased without a prescription). When an antibiotic is taken, in its bid to get rid of the bad bacteria, it might also kill some of the good bacteria which help keep yeast such as Candida in balance, hence, Candida overgrows.

2. Weak immune system: an immune system weakened as a result of other illnesses may find it difficult to fight off Candida when it is overgrowing.

3. Hormone levels: change in hormone levels in women can be a result of birth control medications or other drugs which may increase certain hormones such as estrogen which promotes the growth of Candida.

4. Pregnancy: for some women, pregnancy often encourages the growth of Candida in the vagina.

5. Wearing tight clothes made of non-breathable fabric: underwear made of fabric such as lycra, nylon or spandex often creates too much moisture and warmth thereby causing Candida to thrive well in the vagina.

6. Underlying conditions: underlying illnesses such as diabetes, if maintained poorly may give rise to the Candida increase as high blood sugar level may encourage its growth.

Other conditions that may promote the growth of vaginal thrush are the use of douche and perfumed vaginal wash or sprays.

Is vaginal yeast infection an STD?

Vaginal yeast infection is not considered to be a sexually transmitted disease, though it may be transmitted to a male during sexual intercourse, not necessarily to a female because Candida is usually present in a healthy vagina, it can also affect a non-sexually active female.

What are the symptoms of vaginal yeast infection?

As a woman having vaginal yeast infection may be common but it’s still no joke even though many women can boast of having had it multiple times, the symptoms of vaginal yeast infection may include;

1. Vaginal itching and irritation.

2. Vaginal discharge that looks like cottage cheese which may be accompanied by little odor.

3. Pain during sexual intercourse.

4. Painful urination.

5. Vaginal redness, swelling, or burning.

Having all these symptoms may suggest you have a vaginal yeast infection but it might not be a yeast infection, so in other to avoid self-diagnosing and treating the wrong infection, it is advised that you take a test to ascertain you have a yeast infection.

How to treat vaginal yeast infection

Vaginal yeast infection is a fungi infection that is usually treated using an antifungal medicine to be taken orally, vagina suppositories, or a topical cream. You will have to take the medication for about 2-7 days depending on the severity of the infection and the medication in use.

Over-the-counter drugs that may be effective in the treatment of vaginal thrush include;

1. Fluconazole

2. Clotrimazole

3. Boric acid suppository

4. Miconazole

5. Tioconazole

6. Butoconazole

When using these drugs ensure to read the leaflets within and use them as directed by the manufacturer. If symptoms persist or worsen after a week of using over-the-counter treatment endeavor to visit your doctor for further treatment.

How to prevent vaginal yeast infection

1. Do not use an antibiotic except when prescribed by a Doctor.

2. Avoid douching and the use of perfumed vaginal sprays.

3. Avoid wearing underwear made of non-breathable fabric; instead wear cotton-made underwear.

4. Control your blood sugar level if you have diabetes.

5. Use condoms during sexual intercourse to avoid contract or spread of infection.

It is important to get examined by a Doctor in cases where you are not sure you have a vaginal yeast infection or if the infection keeps recurring. Your healthcare provider will recommend the best treatment depending on the severity of the infection.